Near Field Communication (NFC): An Overview

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless communication technology that enables data exchange between devices when they are brought within a few centimeters of each other. Built on radio frequency identification (RFID) standards, NFC operates at 13.56 MHz and is designed for quick, secure, and intuitive interactions. Its ease of use—often requiring nothing more than a simple tap—has made NFC a foundational technology in modern digital ecosystems.

One of the most prominent applications of NFC is in contactless payments. Smartphones, smartwatches, and contactless cards use NFC to complete transactions securely and rapidly, reducing reliance on cash and physical contact. Beyond payments, NFC is widely used in access control systems, public transportation ticketing, and identity verification. The technology supports multiple operating modes, including reader/writer mode, card emulation mode, and peer-to-peer mode, allowing flexibility across a wide range of use cases.

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is the diagnostic cornerstone for determining the metastatic spread of cancers like melanoma and breast carcinoma. The procedure identifies the "sentinel" node—the first lymph node to which cancer cells are likely to spread from a primary tumor.

• The Mapping Process: Surgeons inject a radioactive tracer (Technetium-99) or a fluorescent blue dye near the tumor. A handheld gamma detector or infrared camera is then used to track the path of the lymphatic fluid and locate the specific node.

• Clinical Significance: If the sentinel node is negative for cancer, it is highly probable that the rest of the lymph nodes are clear, sparing the patient from a more invasive "axillary dissection," which can lead to complications like lymphedema (permanent limb swelling).

• 2026 Advancements: The use of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles has replaced traditional dyes in many clinics, offering a non-radioactive, highly visible alternative for intra-operative node identification.

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